How many countries speak French? What is the Francophonie?

What is the Francophonie?

La Francophonie, or, to give it its full title “l’Organisation internationale de la francophonie” is a group of 88 member states where France or Belgium, or the French language or culture, have had a significant influence. Of those 88 member states, 54 are full members, 7 are associates and 27 are observers. Its key aims are:

  • To promote the French language and cultural and linguistic diversity;
  • To promote peace, democracy and human rights;
  • To support education, training, higher education and research;
  • To foster economic cooperation to bolster sustainable development.

The organisation represents in excess of 300 million French speakers across five continents.  One notable input, useful for learning French, is the tv5.org website and associated TV channel.

Political influence of La Francophonie

The OIF organises cultural and technical co-operation between members. Every two years, there is a summit of the heads of government of member countries where a particular theme (or themes) are chosen for them to work on. In terms of soft power, it represents a networking opportunity for those heads of government and their officials without the weight of expectation that sometimes is present in other international gatherings. The current president of the Francophonie is Emmanuel Macron, who is of course the current President of France.  It’s been people from a wide variety of other countries in the past, however.

Francophone Games

Every four years, the “Jeux de la Francophonie” is a sport- and culture-themed get-together, not dissimilar to the Olympic or Commonwealth games.  An interesting twist, though, is that cultural medals are available, for instance in literature, creative dance and storytelling.  Last year’s edition was in Kinshasa, and it’s over to Yerevan in Armenia in 2027.

French-speaking countries

The full members are: Albania, Armenia, Andorra, Belgium, Benin, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cape Verde, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Comoros, Central African Republic, Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Cote d’Ivoire, Dominica, Djibouti, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, France, Gabon, Greece, Guinea, Guinea Bissau, Haiti, Laos, Lebanon, Luxemburg, North Macedonia, Madagascar, Mali, Morocco, Mauritius, Moldova, Monaco, Niger, Romania, Rwanda, St Lucia, Sao Tome e Principe, Seychelles, Senegal, Switzerland, Chad, Togo, Tunisia, Vanuatu, Vietnam.

Some of these countries have more than one constituent member within them, for instance New Brunswick and Quebec within France. A notable name not on the list is Algeria. Interestingly, several names on the list, such as St Lucia, Cameroon, and Canada, a re members of the Commonwealth too.

Criticisms of La Francophonie

The organisation has been accused of playing along with despotic regimes and human rights abuses, despite its aims. Many would argue that the French cultural influence is negligible, for instance in Bulgaria or Greece; even Ireland is an observer state! Some would argue that having the organisation harks back to France and Belgium’s colonial past in an unhelpful way, although membership is not compulsory.

Wider meaning of La Francophonie

In a wider sense, “francophonie” means the French-speaking world and its cultural influence.  This could even include the diaspora of French speakers and cultural events in non-French-speaking countries.

Find out more

www.francophonie.org

www.tv5.org

… and find out more about all our language courses, for adults, kids, teens and for businesses, courses in French and in 14 other languages here: https://lingua-learn.co.uk/virtual-language-training-uk/ .

Bonne chance!